The Volvo D13 is generally considered to be a good engine. It is a heavy-duty diesel engine commonly used in commercial trucks and has a reputation for reliability and fuel efficiency. The D13 engine is also known for its advanced features, such as Volvo’s patented wave piston design, which helps improve fuel economy and reduce emissions. However, as with any engine, proper maintenance and care are essential to ensure its longevity and performance.
The Volvo D13 engine is manufactured by Volvo Group Trucks Technology, which is a subsidiary of the Volvo Group. The Volvo Group is a Swedish multinational manufacturing company that produces a range of commercial vehicles, including trucks, buses, and construction equipment. The Volvo D13 engine is designed and built by Volvo engineers and is used in a variety of heavy-duty truck applications around the world.
The table of specifications for the Volvo D13 engine
| Specification | Value |
|---|---|
| Engine type | Diesel, 4-stroke |
| Displacement | 12.8 liters (780 cubic inches) |
| Configuration | Inline 6-cylinder |
| Bore and Stroke | 131mm x 158mm (5.16 x 6.22 inches) |
| Compression ratio | 17:1 |
| Valvetrain | DOHC (dual overhead camshafts), 4 valves per cylinder |
| Cylinder block material | Compacted graphite iron |
| Cylinder head material | Aluminum |
| Fuel system | High-pressure common-rail |
| Fuel injection system | Electronic Unit Injector (EUI) |
| Turbocharger | BorgWarner VGT (Variable Geometry Turbocharger) |
| Aftertreatment system | Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) |
| Emissions level | EPA 2017 and later, CARB emissions compliant |
| Horsepower | 375 hp @ 1400-1800 RPM (base rating) to 500 hp @ 1500-1800 RPM (premium rating) |
| Torque | 1450 lb-ft @ 1000-1400 RPM (base rating) to 1850 lb-ft @ 1050-1450 RPM (premium rating) |
| Oil capacity | 42 quarts |
| Coolant capacity | 11.9 gallons |
| Dry weight | 2,900-3,100 pounds |
| Engine brake | VEB+ (Volvo Engine Brake) with up to 500 hp of braking power |
| Engine control module | Volvo EMS3 |
| Warranty | 2-year/250,000-mile base warranty, optional extended coverage available |
These specifications may vary slightly depending on the year and model of the Volvo D13 engine.
Torque specifications for the Volvo D13
The table with the torque specifications for different model years and variations of the Volvo D13 engine:
| Model Year | Engine Model | Torque Specification |
|---|---|---|
| 2008-2010 | D13A480 | Cylinder Head Bolts: 200 Nm (148 lb-ft) + 90° + 90° Main Bearing Cap Bolts: 375 Nm (277 lb-ft) Connecting Rod Bolts: 115 Nm (85 lb-ft) + 90° + 90° |
| 2011-2013 | D13A500 | Cylinder Head Bolts: 300 Nm (221 lb-ft) + 120° + 120°
Main Bearing Cap Bolts: 375 Nm (277 lb-ft) Connecting Rod Bolts: 115 Nm (85 lb-ft) + 90° + 90° |
| 2014-2016 | D13C500 | Cylinder Head Bolts: 300 Nm (221 lb-ft) + 120° + 120°
Main Bearing Cap Bolts: 375 Nm (277 lb-ft) Connecting Rod Bolts: 115 Nm (85 lb-ft) + 90° + 90° |
| 2017-2019 | D13J500 | Cylinder Head Bolts: 400 Nm (295 lb-ft) + 120° + 120°
Main Bearing Cap Bolts: 375 Nm (277 lb-ft) Connecting Rod Bolts: 115 Nm (85 lb-ft) + 90° + 90° |
| 2020-Present | D13TC550 | Cylinder Head Bolts: 400 Nm (295 lb-ft) + 120° + 120°
Main Bearing Cap Bolts: 375 Nm (277 lb-ft) Connecting Rod Bolts: 115 Nm (85 lb-ft) + 90° + 90° |
Note that these torque specifications are for reference only, and it’s important to always refer to the manufacturer’s official documentation for the most up-to-date and accurate torque specifications for your specific engine model and application. Additionally, torque specifications may vary depending on the specific component and its location within the engine, so it’s important to consult the manufacturer’s documentation for the specific torque values for each individual component.
Oil specifications for the Volvo D13 engine
| Specification | Value |
|---|---|
| Recommended oil type | Volvo VDS-4.5 or Mack EO-O Premium Plus |
| Oil capacity (including filter) | 39.7 liters (42 quarts) |
| Oil change interval (normal duty) | 50,000 miles or 12 months, whichever comes first |
| Oil change interval (severe duty) | 25,000 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first |
| Oil filter type | Volvo 22030848 or equivalent |
Note: It is important to always consult your vehicle owner’s manual for the recommended oil specifications and change intervals specific to your Volvo D13 engine. Severe duty conditions may include frequent idling, short trips, extreme temperatures, or dusty environments.
Also, please note that the oil capacity may vary depending on the year and model of the engine, so it is important to confirm the specific capacity for your engine.
What trucks have the Volvo D13?
The engine is commonly found in Volvo trucks, as well as trucks manufactured by other brands such as Mack Trucks, Western Star, and Kenworth. Some examples of Volvo truck models that may use the D13 engine include the VNL, VNM, VHD, and VAH. However, it’s important to note that the specific engines and configurations available may vary depending on the year and model of the truck.
A table of trucks that commonly have the Volvo D13 engine:
| Manufacturer | Truck Model(s) |
|---|---|
| Volvo Trucks | VNL, VNR, VNM, VHD, VAH |
| Mack Trucks | Anthem, Pinnacle, Granite |
| Kenworth | T680, T880 |
| Peterbilt | 579, 567 |
| Western Star | 4700, 4900 |
Note: This table is not exhaustive, and there may be other truck models that have the Volvo D13 engine. Additionally, the specific engine configurations available may vary depending on the year and model of the truck.
How to Identify and Fix Common Volvo D13 Engine Problems
If you own a Volvo truck equipped with a D13 engine, you know how reliable it can be. However, even the most dependable engines can develop problems over time. This article will cover some of the most common issues that can affect the D13 engine, and how you can fix them.
Fuel Injector Issues: Symptoms and Causes
Fuel injectors are crucial components of any diesel engine, and the D13 is no exception. The high-pressure common rail fuel injection system in the D13 is one of the most advanced on the market, but it can still experience problems.
Symptoms of bad fuel injectors include hard starting, rough idling, sudden power loss, decreased fuel economy, leaks, and strong fuel odor. The check engine light may also turn on, with error codes such as P0171 and P0174 indicating fuel injector issues.
Several factors can cause fuel injector problems, including ECU issues and clogged injector spray tips.
ECU Issues: Causes and Solutions
The Engine Control Unit (ECU) is a vital component of the D13 engine, and defects in it can lead to erratic fuel injector behavior. Faulty wiring or bad sensors can cause the ECU to send incorrect signals to the injectors.
To fix ECU issues, start by ensuring all wiring and sensor connections are secure and clean. If that doesn’t work, try resetting the ECU or replacing it entirely. A professional mechanic can replace the ECU for around $1000.
Clogged Injector Spray Tips: Causes and Solutions
Fuel injector spray tips can become clogged over time, leading to decreased performance and fuel economy. To clean them, remove the injectors from the engine and blow out any debris with compressed air. Soaking the injectors in a cleaning fluid overnight can help loosen any remaining debris.
Faulty Turbo: Symptoms and Solutions
The D13 engine uses a turbocharger to produce power, but faults in the turbo can lead to loud noises, poor fuel economy, and excessive smoke. The boost pressure sensor is a critical component that can fail and trigger the check engine light. A blocked exhaust system can also interfere with the turbo’s performance.
Issues With Idling: Causes and Fixes
The Volvo D13 is known for rough idling, which may be caused by a clogged MAF sensor or dirty IAC valves. Misfires from worn-out glow plugs or dirty fuel lines and belts can also cause vibration while idling.
Cooling Problems: Causes and Prevention
Cooling system issues such as a broken water pump, faulty radiator fan, clogged hoses, or coolant leaks can cause the engine to overheat. Signs of overheating include steam coming from the hood, a burning smell, or an overheating warning on the dashboard. Overheating can cause the head gasket to blow, leading to costly repairs.
In conclusion, understanding the causes and symptoms of common D13 engine problems can help you identify and fix issues before they become more serious. Regular maintenance and inspection can prevent problems from occurring in the first place, ensuring your Volvo truck runs smoothly and reliably for years to come.
Maintenance
The detailed table with additional maintenance items and their estimated costs for a Volvo D13 engine:
| Maintenance Item | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| Oil Change | $200 – $400+ |
| Fuel Filter Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Air Filter Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Coolant Flush | $200 – $500+ |
| Valve Adjustment | $500 – $1,000+ |
| DPF Cleaning/Replacement | $500 – $2,500+ |
| EGR Cooler Replacement | $1,000 – $3,000+ |
| Turbocharger Replacement | $2,000 – $5,000+ |
| Fan Clutch Replacement | $500 – $1,500+ |
| Water Pump Replacement | $500 – $1,500+ |
| Alternator Replacement | $500 – $1,500+ |
| Starter Replacement | $500 – $1,500+ |
| Camshaft Position Sensor Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Crankshaft Position Sensor Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Throttle Position Sensor Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Intake Air Temperature Sensor Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Replacement | $100 – $300+ |
| Engine Control Module Replacement | $1,500 – $3,500+ |
| Transmission Service | $200 – $500+ |
Note that these are estimated costs and may vary depending on a number of factors, including the specific engine model, the age and condition of the engine, and the labor costs of the repair shop or mechanic performing the maintenance.
Routine maintenance for a Volvo D13 engine typically includes regular oil changes, fuel filter replacements, air filter replacements, and coolant flushes, which may cost between $200 and $500 or more per service, depending on the specific service interval and the labor costs of the repair shop or mechanic.
Other maintenance items, such as valve adjustments, DPF cleaning or replacement, EGR cooler replacement, turbocharger replacement, fan clutch replacement, water pump replacement, alternator replacement, starter replacement, and various sensor replacements, may be required less frequently but can be more costly due to the complexity of the repair and the cost of parts. These costs can range from $100 to $5,000 or more, depending on the specific repair required and the labor costs of the repair shop or mechanic.
It’s important to follow the manufacturer’s recommended maintenance schedule and have your engine properly diagnosed by a qualified mechanic or repair shop to determine the most cost-effective maintenance and repair solutions for your specific situation.
Volvo D13 engine fault codes list
The common fault codes that may be displayed by the Volvo D13 engine
| Fault Code | Description |
|---|---|
| MID 128 PID 98 | Engine oil level |
| MID 128 PID 100 | Engine oil pressure |
| MID 128 PID 102 | Boost pressure |
| MID 128 PID 103 | Engine coolant temperature |
| MID 128 PID 105 | Engine intake manifold temperature |
| MID 128 PID 106 | Engine exhaust gas temperature |
| MID 128 PID 107 | Engine coolant level |
| MID 128 PID 110 | Engine coolant temperature level |
| MID 128 PID 111 | Air inlet temperature |
| MID 128 PID 153 | Ignition key switch |
| MID 128 PID 190 | Engine overspeed |
| MID 128 PID 412 | Engine brake output |
| MID 136 SID 2 | ABS wheel speed sensor |
| MID 136 SID 4 | ABS relay |
| MID 136 SID 6 | ABS power unit |
| MID 136 SID 7 | ABS pressure modulation valve |
This table is not exhaustive, and the specific fault codes that may be displayed can vary depending on the year and model of the Volvo D13 engine. It is important to consult the vehicle owner’s manual or contact a certified mechanic for assistance in diagnosing and repairing any fault codes that may be displayed.
The estimated cost of a Volvo D13 engine rebuild and the cost of an overhaul kit
| Item | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| Volvo D13 Engine Rebuild | $15,000 – $25,000+ |
| Volvo D13 Overhaul Kit | $2,000 – $5,000+ |
Note that these are estimated costs and may vary depending on a number of factors, including the extent of damage to the engine, the cost of parts and labor in your area, and the specific repair shop or mechanic performing the work.
The cost of an overhaul kit for a Volvo D13 engine typically includes components such as gaskets, bearings, seals, and piston rings, and may also include other components such as camshafts, timing gears, and oil pumps. The cost of an overhaul kit can vary depending on the specific components included and the manufacturer of the kit.
In general, an overhaul kit is less expensive than a complete engine rebuild, as it typically includes only the components needed to restore the engine to working order, while a rebuild may require more extensive repairs or replacements. However, it’s important to have the engine properly diagnosed by a qualified mechanic or repair shop to determine the most cost-effective repair solution for your specific situation.
Price of a Volvo D13 engine and the estimated replacement cost
| Item | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| Volvo D13 Engine Price | $20,000 – $30,000+ |
| Volvo D13 Engine Replacement Cost | $25,000 – $40,000+ |
Note that these are estimated costs and may vary depending on a number of factors, including the specific engine model, the condition of the engine, and the supplier or dealer from which the engine is purchased.
The price of a new or remanufactured Volvo D13 engine typically ranges from $20,000 to $30,000 or more, depending on the specific model and supplier. This price may include the cost of the engine itself, as well as any applicable core charges, taxes, and shipping fees.
The replacement cost for a Volvo D13 engine can vary depending on the specific application and the labor costs of the repair shop or mechanic performing the replacement. In general, the estimated replacement cost for a Volvo D13 engine ranges from $25,000 to $40,000 or more, including the cost of the engine, any necessary installation parts or accessories, and the labor costs for removing the old engine and installing the new one.
It’s important to have the engine properly diagnosed by a qualified mechanic or repair shop to determine the most cost-effective repair solution for your specific situation, as the replacement cost may be higher or lower depending on the extent of the damage to the engine and the specific repair solution required.
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